Design and Construction of a Sustainable IoT based Solar Energy-Powered Smart Water Consumption Tracking System

Abstract

Water security and scarcity are major challenges in Pakistan, particularly in developing countries. There is a need for the sustainable implementation of a water consumption tracking system for control and monitoring using solar energy. This study aims to analyze water consumption to tackle the urgent worldwide concerns of water conservation and effective water resource management. By implementing solar-powered intelligent water-monitoring equipment, this prototype offers a new way to monitor and manage water usage. This scheme was controlled and monitored using an Arduino-based controller integrated with turbidity and water flow sensors to switch the motor using modern technologies.  This prototype must be implemented because water security is a global challenge where freshwater is becoming increasingly rare. The goal of these systems is to transfer these parameters using an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system and control and monitor water resources via web applications. The system's real-time monitoring of consumption trends changes to sustainable water management. The system costs less compared to conventional SCADA-based systems. The proposed system achieved 92% efficiency without any external fossil fuel-based power sources. The comparative analysis shows that the proposed system prototype offers efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and scalability compared to traditional systems.  The designed system delivers an economical and optimal solution for real-time data analytics for small-scale applications to advance the field.  This sustainable technology enables people, communities, and organizations to play a significant role in protecting water supplies and maintaining their accessibility for future generations.